Orogenic processes refer to the geological processes involved in the formation of mountain ranges, typically through the collision of tectonic plates. These processes involve the folding, faulting, and metamorphism of rocks, as well as the uplift and deformation of the Earth's crust. Orogenic processes are driven by the movement of tectonic plates, which can be converging, diverging, or sliding past each other. When two plates collide, the leading edge of one plate is forced beneath the other in a process known as subduction. This can lead to the formation of mountain ranges through compression and deformation of the crust. The study of orogenic processes is important for understanding the evolution of mountain belts and the geology of regions where mountain building has occurred. Orogenic processes also play a key role in the formation of mineral deposits and the distribution of resources in mountainous regions.